With the multiprocessing approach, a new system process is created for each logical thread of control. This is beneficial on systems with more than one processor because the Python global interpreter lock isn't a concern. This gives the application potential to achieve true concurrency. With the threading approach, a new system thread, otherwise known as a lightweight process is created for each logical thread of control. Applications using this approach means that the Python global interpreter lock is a factor. On systems with more than one processor, true concurrency is not possible within the application itself. The good news is that both approaches can potentially be used inside a given application. There are two independent Python modules that exist for each method. The abstractions inside of each of these modules share nearly identical interfaces.
The circuits Python event framework uses an approach that will use either the multiprocessing module or the threading module. The circuits framework will attempt to use the multiprocessing module method to concurrency in preference to the threading module. The approach to importing the required modules and defining the concurrency abstraction is illustrated below.

As you can see, the core Process abstraction within circuits is declared based on what modules exist on the system. If multiprocessing is available, it is used. Otherwise, the threading module is used. The only downfall to this approach is that as long as the multiprocessing module is available, threads cannot be used. Threads may be preferable to processes in certain situations.
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